Experimental Study On The Effect Of Some Antipsychotic Drugs On Certain Metabolic Pathways In Rats

Antipsychotic drugs (APDs) have been used for nearly 50 years in treatment of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. where chlorpromazine (phenothiazine) and haloperidol (butyrophenone) represent the first generation of these drugs. Delay and Deniker, 1952 proposed the term “neuroleptic” to describe the specific neuropharmacologic effect of chlorpromazine.The word neuroleptic was derived from the Greek: ”νεΰρον” (neuron, originally meaning ”sinew” but today referring to the nerves) and ”λαμβάνω” (lambanō, meaning ”take hold of”). Thus, the word means taking hold of one’s nerve.Antipsychotics are broadly divided into two groups, the typical or first-generation antipsychotics (Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine, Chlorprothixene) and the atypical or second-generation antipsychotics (Clozapine, Olanzapine).Antipsychotics, particularly atypical, appear to cause weight gain, diabetes mellitus and fatal diabetic ketoacidosis. An association among these metabolic events as may be present with the use of AAPDs is claimed to increase the risk of metabolic syndrome indeed life threatening situation. It may increase also the likelihood of fatal heart attack, dyslipidemia in proportional to an increase in dose and duration of treatment periods.