| Abstract: |
The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship betweenmicroorganisms isolated from neonates and those isolated from surrounding area ,common infection sites and pathogens in neonatal intensive care unit in ZagazigUniversity Hospitals . Also, to evaluate the efficacy of combination of disinfectantssolutions to prevent and eradicate biofilm formed and to suggest a new locksolution that can prevent attachment of bacteria to rayls, catheters and cannulas.A total 470 isolates were recovered from the samples. The isolates wereidentified as: Staphylococcus aureus(150),coagulase negative staphylococci(150),Pseudomonas aeruginosa (50), Klebsiella pneumonia(100) and no organismswere detected in 20 samples.Specimens from skin of neonates revealed that mostcommonly isolated organisms were S. aureus (37.5%), CoNS (37.5% , K.pneumoniae (18.75) and P. aerguinosa (6.25%) . Samples from bottle of milkfeeding , feeding tube and pans of water keeping revealed the presence of S.aureus , CoNS , P. aerguinosa and K. pneumoniae .In this study the most commonly isolated organisms from incubators wereCoNS (33.75%, S. aureus (31.25%) , K. pneumonia (16.25%) and P. aerguinosa(8.75%). The obtained results in this study exihibited that ,the isolates from handsof health care workers were CoNS (37.5%), S. aureus (31.25%), K.pneumoniae(21.25%), P. aerguinosa (3.75%). In the present study the enviromental samples(including walls, doors, tables of medications, sinks and floors of neonatalintensive care units ) revealed the presence of S. aureus (33.75%) , CoNS(28.75%), P. aerguinosa (18.75%) and K. pneumoniae (18.75%).Samples from disinfectantssolutions revealed the presence of S. aureus , CoNS , P. aerguinosa and K.pneumoniae. In this study the most frequently isolated organisms from NICU wereS. aureus (31.9%), CoNS (31.9%) , P. aerguinosa(10.6%) and K. pneumonia (21.28%). Part (II):This part is based on ion pair reactions, it includes three sections:Section (1):This section describes the Spectrofluorimetric determination of fexofenadine HCl, moxepril HCl and etodolac using europium chloride in their pure form or in their pharmaceutical formulations.Section (2):This section is concerned with studying the spectrophotometric determination of clemastine hydrogen fumarate, desloratadine, losartan potassium and moxepril HCl using eosin.Results obtained showed good agreement with those obtained by the official and reported methods.Section (3):This section describes the Spectrophotometric determination of clemastine hydrogen fumarate, fexofenadine HCl and moxepril HCl using chromatrope 2 R.There was no significant difference between the proposed and the official or reported methods.PART (III):This section describes the spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric determination of loratadine, ramipril, clemastine and losartan through charge transfer complex formation with NBD-Cl.The proposed method was simple, accurate and in good agreement with the official and reported methods.PART (IV):This part describes the application of redox reactions in analysis of the selected drugs, it includes three sections:Section (1):This section deals with using cerium (IV) for the spectrophotometric and spectrofluorimetric determination of etodolac, desloratadine and moxeprilHCl in their pure form or in their pharmaceutical formulations. The proposed methods were simple, accurate and sensitive.Section (2):This section describes using alkaline KMnO4 for the spectrophotometric determination of moxepril HCl, thiocolchicoside, fexofenadine HCl, desloratadine and etodolac.The proposed method was simple, accurate and showed good agreement with results obtained by the reported methods.Section (3):This section is dealing with the Spectrophotometric determination of etodolac, thiocolchicoside using ammonium molybdate.The proposed method was simple, accurate and results obtained showed good agreement with those obtained by the reported methods.PART (V):Detection of the phycobiliproteins expressed by cyanobacteria is facilitated by the highly-fluorescent phycobilins (or more simply,bilins) that are covalently linked to the protein via cysteinyl residues. Various thiol-cleaving reagents such as dithiothreitol (DTT) and tris-(2-carboxyethyl) phosphine (TCEP) have been employed to remove the bilins from the proteins, and the establishments of CE / LIF conditions suitable for bilin analysis have been developed.
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