| Abstract: |
This thesis is concerned with the spectrophotometric and spectro-fluorimetric analysis of five antifungal drugs namely, clotrimazole, econazole nitrate, ketoconazole, miconazole and tolnaftate. The thesis comprises three parts in addition to general introduction about the antifungal ,qrugs especially the selected drugs and the different official and reported methods described for the assay of these drugs.Chapter 1A simple, rapid, accurate and sensitive spectrophotometric method isDevelop for the detennination of the imidazole antifungal drugs colotimazole econazole nitrate, keroconazole and miconazole. The method is nibased on the’ interaction bet\veen the tertiary amine moiety of the imidazole drugs (pyridine-pitrogen) as the n-electron donor and iodineC)-acceptor, in l,2-dichloroethane to’ form a stable coloured charge- transfer complex. The absorb,\pce is measured at 290 nm for all studieddrugs. A study for all’ the reaction variables has been conducted to optimize.the reaction’ conditionsA linear -relations,l)ip between the absorbance and, concentration occurred . within the range 1-’ 40 ug/ml at 290 urn for all studied imidazole drugs.The limit of detection was ranged from 0.1 8 to 1 A 7 ~lg/ml. The molar ratio of iodine to each’ of tlie tested drugs is I: 1 except for ketoconazoleIn this thesis two simple, rapid, reproducible and accurate spectrophotometric methods were developed involving the use of Fast Red AL salt and diazotized 4_amino-6-chloro-1,3-benzene disulphonamide (DACBS) as chromogenic reag¬ents for the analysis of 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives, namely, oxyquinoline, chiniofon, clioquinol and iodoquinol as well as dibenzazepine derivatives, namely, clomipramine, desipramine and imipramine hydrochlorides andtrimipramine maleate,The proposed methods are based on the interaction of either Fast Red AL salt or DACBS reagent with the investigated 8-hydroxyquinolines to form intense red coloured products measured at ””max(s) in the range of 500-530 nmDibenzazepines give no coloured products with Fast red AL salt, while they form intense red coloured products measured at 1’0 () in the range of 519- max s555 nm with DACBS reagent.The interaction between 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives arid both reagents was performed in slightly alkaline media while DACBS reagent was interacted with dibenzazepine ’derivatives in strongly acidic solutions .Effective variables such as the reagents concentration, pH variation, reactionand stability times and diluting solvents were studied and perfectly optimized to permit the development of simple, accurate and reproducible spectrophoto-metric methods for the analysis of all the studied drugs,
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