Evaluation of palliative resection in gastric cancer patients

Faculty Medicine Year: 2012
Type of Publication: Theses Pages: 125
Authors:
BibID 11604739
Keywords : Stomach    
Abstract:
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer and the second leading cause ofcancer-related death worldwide. In 200P, about 880 000 people were diagnosed with gastriccancer and approximately 650 000 died of the disease.Because of the low cure rate and theadvanced stage at which many patients present, palliative strategies are an essentialcomponent of gastric cancer management.Surgical palliation of advanced gastric cancer mayinclude resection or bypass, alone or in combination with endoscopic or percutaneousinterventions. Such interventions have been proposed not only to improve symptom control,but also to eliminate potential complications (bleeding, obstruction, pain, perforation,debilitating ascites) caused by the primary tumor.Palliative or noncurative resection is definedby the presence of any gross or microscopic residual tumors remaining postoperativelyregardless of whether the surgical attempt was originally palliative or curative.The proponentsfor palliative gastrectomy assume that by removing the major tumor bulk by partial or totalgastrectomy, one can avoid complications arising from the tumor such as tumor bleeding,obstruction and perforation. Moreover, by reducing the risk of occurrence of tumorcomplication, one can reduce the number of recurrent hospital admissions and, hence, thepatient can enjoy a better quality of life (QOL) and a longer hospital-free survival (HFS)period. The other possible advantage of performing palliative resection is cytoreduction. Byremoving the tumor bulk, theoretically, palliative chemotherapy or radiotherapy can be moreeffective and less tumor-related complications will occur during therapy.Conversely,opponents would argue that surgical intervention is associated with significant risks. Mostpatients with advanced malignancy have poor physical and nutritional status, and treatingtheir symptoms with a major surgical resection may result in a higher rate of morbidity andmortality. This is especially true in the case of resection of a proximal gastric carcinoma,which involves a total gastrectomy or an esophagogastrectomy.In order to settle this debatedown, many studies were carried on to evaluate the palliative resection regarding itsmorbidity, mortality, survival benefit, and its effect on patient quality of life. Many worksfound a reasonable risk, a survival benefit and a positive effect on quality of life. But moreand more patients are needed to confirm these results or disclaim them. We add our work tothe literature hoping for finding a good palliative procedure for gastric cancer patients. This isa study of sixty patients who were proved to have advanced stomach cancer and underwentresection surgery. The study was designed to detect the incidence of post-operative morbidityand mortality rates, what factors affect the outcome of surgery, rate of hospital readmissionwhich indicates the quality of life in this group of patients. The study also recorded the post-operative short term survival rates which gives an indicator to the overall survivalrates.Postoperative morbidity rates recorded in the literature varies greatly from 6% to 65%.In our study postoperative morbidity results was 23%. In review of previous studies;palliative resection mortality rates ranges approximately from 4% to 27%. Our study stated a6.7% mortality rate which is in line with results of these studies.The study included 34 malesand 26 females represent, with mean of age (53 years) for all participants. There was norelation between age and postoperative outcome according to our findings.Fifteen patientshave had medical disease (25%). We found that pre-existing medical condition significantlyaffects the postoperative morbidity and mortality rates. There was no relation between extentof resection and technique of reconstruction to the postoperative outcome according to ourdata.Postoperative hospital stay days was about eight days which is reasonable period andnone of our patients needs hospital readmission which means a good hospital free survivalperiod. The median survival rate was 15 months, but it is a short term survival over follow upperiod of about 22 months. 
   
     
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