Portal hypertension leads to formation of portosystemic collateral veins which are discovered by endoscopy.Because of complications of endoscopy,we try in this study to find good indicator for portosystemic collateral veins to decrease unnecessary use of endoscopy,this indicator is blood ammonia levels.This would encourage the use of endoscopy screening in this at risk population only, and increase the physicians’ surveillance for ascites and/or PSE.So, we study the relationship between blood ammonia levels and presence of portosystemic collateral veins in 40 patients with liver cirrhosis.We measure venous ammonia concentrations by enzymatic method .in our results,we find correlation between ammonia levels and presence of portosystemic collateral veins as esophageal varices and anorectal varices..Results: two thousand parents of infants filled out the questionnaire. The risk factors were male gender (PR = 3.43; 95%CI 2.62-4.50), low birth weight(PR = 0.42; 95%CI 0,34-0.53), absence of breast feeding (PR = 1.74; 95%CI1.41-2.16)day care attendance (PR = 2.04; 95%CI 1.65-2.53)having sibling with asthma (PR = 3.10; 95%CI 2.46-3.90)any allergic disease in family (PR = 1.25; 95%CI 1.o-1.57)infection (PR = 1.39; 95%CI 1.13-1.70)asphyxia (PR = 2.18; 95%CI 1.35-3.50)and PROM (PR = 1.24; 95%CI 1.0-1.54).Also the most common causes of wheezy chest are viral infection, asthma, and F.B aspiration.Conclusions: Independent risk factors for wheezing in the first year of life are also known risks for asthma in children and adolescents. These data are useful to predict the diagnosis of asthma and to promote its prevention (whenapplicable).