Limb Reconstruction Around Knee In Malignant Bone Tumors

This study explored the different methods of limb reconstruction around the knee joint in malignant bone tumors.It explained the most common sarcoma affecting the knee joint and how to provide diagnosis starting from history taking, clinical examinations, laboratory tests, imagine techniques and biopsy.Malignant bone tumors around the knee includes;osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Giant cell tumor, Ewing’s sarcoma and malignant fibrous histocytoma.Staging is classification of tumors, with respect to its degree of differentiation and metastasis.Diagnosis is based on history taking, physical examinations, radiograph, CT, MRI, angiography and bone scintigraphy. Biopsy and pathological examinations evaluate bone tumors.Indication of limb salvage :Tumor in anatomic location with complete resection.Reconstruction should provide function after bone resection.After chemotherapy, limb reconstruction require two procedures:1. adequate removal of tumor.2. bone and soft tissue reconstruction.After resection of tumor around knee limb reconstructed by :1. Osteoarticular allograft.2. Prosthetic Arthroplasty.3. Custom endoprosthesis.4. Extendable prosthesis: lengthened by several techniques.5. Allograft prosthetic composite.6. Rotationplasty : improve weight bearing capacity.7. Arthrodesis. a. Resection arthrodesisb. Illizarov arthrodesis8. Reconstruction of soft tissue: covering skeletal reconstruction by muscle flaps and skin grafts.The management starts since diagnosis by chemotherapy and radiotherapy.