Prevalence of Prediabetes in Sharkia and The Role of Lipoprotein Lipase in Prediction of Its Adverse Outcome (Part of Pasha Project)

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiology characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat, and protein metabolism resulting from defects of insulin secretion, insulin action, or a combination of both It is predicted that there will be at least 350 million people in the world with type 2 diabetes by the year 2030.The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that 90% of these cases are Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)T2DM may result from genetic and/or lifestyle factors. Individuals with a family history of T2DM are at an increased risk of developing the disease and several single nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified for T2DM risk by genome-wide studies.Prediabetes broadly refers to an intermediate stage between completely normal glucose levels and the clinical entity of T2DM, encompassing both impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). As defined by the American Diabetes Association (ADA), prediabetes is a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) of at least 100 mg/dl (5.6 mmol/liter) but less than 126 mg/dl (7.0 mmol/liter), which is frequently termed impaired fasting glucose (IFG), or an abnormal 2-h response to a 75-g of oral glucose ,at least 140 mg/dl (7.8 mmol/liter) and less than 200 mg/dl (11.1 mmol/liter), which is often termed impaired glucose tolerance (IGT). WHO defines IGT similarly as the ADA, but IFG is defined at a fasting glucose of at least 110 mg/dl (6.1 mmol.