overview of bleeding disorders in children

Summary: Bleeding disorders in children either congenital or acquired require not only an understanding ofthe unique characteristics of pediatric hemostasis but also the natural course of bleeding disorders in children, which may differ substantially from the course observed in adult. One of the most common bleeding disorders in pediatrics IS Alloimmune thrombocytopenia which are disorders in which the platelet life span is shortened by alloantibodies elicited during the recipient’s immune response against platelets from a genetically different individual FNAIT is the most common cause of severe fetal thrombocytopenia. Immune Mediated Thrombocytopenic Purpura, the pathogenesis of ITP is well known to be accelerated platelet destruction as a resu It of antiplatelet autoantibodies ,disease severity can be extrapolated from the degree of clinical hemorrhage as well as the platelet response to treatment(s). Hemophilia A and B are considered the commonest and the most severe forms of congenital bleeding disorder after von Willebrand’s disease, with FVlII deficiency being five times more prevalent than FIX. von Willebrand disease (vWD) the most common hereditary bleeding disorderis, and some reports suggest that it is present in 1-2% of the general population,vWD disease classified into :type l,type 2(2A,2B,2M,2N),type 3. Rare Congenital Hemorrhagic Disorders are inherited coagulation disorders associated with factor deficiency states that may produce bleeding from inadequate thrombin generation and/or inadequate inhibition of fibrinolysis. They include: Congenital deficiency states 104