Femoro-Acetabular Impingement syndrome

Femoroacetabular impingement syndrome is one of the causes of hip pain in young people especially atheletics due to morphological abnormalities which result in abnormal contact between femoral head neck junction and acetabular margin especially in each of movement especially flexion and internal rotation. Careful history and examination of patient are first steps in the diagnisis. History of trauma is present and impingement test is positive. FAI imagings are plain X-ray, A-P lateral views, MRI and CT scan. Treatment of FAI can be conservative in the form of activity modification and NSAIDs but usually leads to progressive damage of the articular surfaces, intervention in the form of osteoplasty either surgical or through arthroscope or through reorientation of the acetbulum. Also, arthroscope is used to treat labral tear generated by FAI. Physiotherapy is recommended preoperatively to strengthen muscles of the hip joint and postoperatively to aid regain to daily activities.Objectives: The aim of this work is to review the femoro acetabular impingement as regard the history of the disease, anatomy of the hip joint, biomechanics, pathology, and different methods of diagnosis and treatment.