Thoracic aortic aneurysm endograft

Aneurysm is defined as an undue enlargement of the aorta. Aneurysm should be distinguished from ectasia, which represents a meandering of the aorta beyond its usual contours, although the ”normal” size of the aorta varies with sex and body size, most agree that a normal aorta should not exceed 4 cm in diameter.Other definition for aneurysm depends on a diameter of the affected segment that is more than 1½ times larger than normal.Aneurysms are classified into true and false. Aneurysms also may be classified according to the segment involved; as thoracic, thoracoabdominal, or abdominal.Annual incidence is 6 cases per 100,000 people; of those cases, only 40% will be located in the descending thoracic aorta. There is also a familial incidenc of aortic aneurysm.The majority of thoracic aneurysms are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally only 20% cause symptoms.Symptoms of aneurysms due to pressing on adjacent structures, resulting in dysphagia, shortness of breath, or hemoptysis, hoarseness back pain, signs of distal embolization patients present with a ruptured thoracic aneurysm, which is characterized by sudden onset of severe back or chest pain, hypotension, and cardiovascular collapse.Open surgical repair associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Although its mortality rate may be 15% or less in patients who are good surgical candidates.