Renal Affection in Neonatal Hypoxic Ischaemic Injury

Perinatal asphyxia is a relatively common life threatening condition and a major cause of perinatal morbidity & mortality.Outcome of hypoxic–Ischaemic encephalopathy ranges from complete recovery to death. This condition is mainly related to lack of oxygen (hypoxia) and/or perfusion (ischemia) to various organs.Perinatal asphyxia is resulting in multiorgan dysfunction (MOD) which is one of four consensus based criteria for the diagnosis of intrapartum asphyxia. MOD was present in all infants with severe post-asphyxia HIE (at least one organ dysfunction in addition to HIE) as renal, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and hepatic dysfunction.The kidney is the most damaged organ in the asphyxiated full-term infant leading to acute renal failure. ARF carries a poor prognosis and may even result in permanent renal damage in up to 40% of survivors.The spectrum of renal damage following hypoxic ischaemic injury extends from mild tubular dysfunction to acute tubular necrosis (ATN) or irreversible cortical necrosis.