Neuromodulation In Treatment Of Voiding Dysfunction

The refractory overactive bladder represents one of the most challenging problems in urology. Current treatments for patients who have refractory overactive bladder or patients who cannot tolerate antimuscarinic pharmacotherapy are limited. For example, augmentation enterocystoplasty traditionally has been offered as a last resort in such situations. Intestinal augmentation using bowel, however, is a major operation with significant potential short-term and long-term complications. Even without complications, most patients are dismayed by the need for lifelong intermittent bladder catheterization after such reconstructive bladder surgery. Many patients refuse such therapies because the treatment may prove more troublesome than the disease (Schmidt, 1991)The aim of this essay is to clarify the role of Neuromodulation in treatment of voiding dysfunction.