Anesthetic management for pediatric surgical emergencies

Rhabdomyolysis is a rather uncommon but life-threatening clinical condition among children. Anesthesiologists working with these patients face several problems. Such as full stomach, hemodynamic impairment, the presence of acute renal failure with hyperkalemia (Pedrozzi et al, 1996).Blood loss is the most important etiology of hypovolemic shock among children and teenagers, mainly secondary to trauma. Non traumatic causes are seldom encountered. Management includes clinical evaluation (age, body weight, injury time and mechanism), venous access, fluid therapy (0.9%NaCl, albumin, baked red blood cells are the three infusions to be used during hemorrhagic shock to avoid brain edema. (Moon et al, 1999)