Recent Advances in Aetiopathogenesis of Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a common clinical problem characterized by compromised bone strength and increased susceptibility to Fracture.Understanding of the aetiology and pathogenesis of osteoporosis has expanded widely as the ability to study the processes of regulation of bone formation and resorption at the cellular level increased the our knowledge about the disease.the bone remodeling and bone cells differentiation and functions within the microenvironment of bone are under the influence of a large number of cytokines, growth factors, systemic hormones and osteoporosis is a result of disturbance in these regulatory mechanisms.Osteoporosis can be classified into primary and secondary types. The primary type is divided into postmenopausal, age-related and idiopathic osteoporosis. The secondary type is caused by medications or medical conditions that affect the calcium balance or the microarchitectural integrity of bones.Estrogen deficiency plays critical role in the development of osteoporosis, while calcium and vitamin D deficiencies and secondary hyperparathyroidism also play an important role.From our work we concluded that:• At the cellular level, the RANKL / RANK / OPG system seems to play a central part in most pathophysiological mechanisms in osteoporosis.• The genetic determination of osteoporosis is diffi