| Abstract: |
Peptic ulcer disease is a chronic inflammatory condition of the stomach and duodenum, the disease has relatively low mortality, but it result in substantial human suffering and high economic coasts (Zhange et al., 2005).In the early 20th century, the pathogenesis of the disorder was believed to be related to stress and dietary factors. Later the concept arose that peptic ulcer disease was caused by the injurious effects of digestive secretions such as gastric acid (Furuta et al., 1998). In 1971, Sir James Black identified a subtype of the histamine receptor (H2 receptor) that appeared to be the principal mediator of gastric acid secretion (Moss and Calam, 1992). In1982, Warren and Marshall provided the first insight into another important pathogenic factor for peptic ulcer disease; they isolated Helicobacter pylori (Warren and Marshall, 1983). Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection is associated with divergent clinical outcomes that range from simple asymptomatic gastritis to more serious conditions such as peptic ulcer disease and gastric neoplasia (Santacroce et al., 2005).The key determinants of these outcomes are the severity and distribution of H pylori induced gastritis (EL Omar et al., 2000).CONCLUSIONOur results support the hypothesis that the extent of gastric mussel injury may be related to H. pylori infection, inflammatory responses governed by interactions between host and bacterial determinants . The combination of these factors, favoring a set of responses with higher magnitude, can eventually result in hypochlorhydria, corpus atrophy, and an increased risk of gastric carcinoma. IL-1β is an important proinflammatory cytokines with profound effects on gastric physiology. Its acid inhibitory properties uniquely qualify it as a major player in the host’s response to H. pylori infection and the diseases associated with it. we observed that gastric cancer patients had high gastric pH and elevated level of serum IL-1β. Nevertheless, we observed several individuals with high-risk IL-1ß who were infected with H. pylori but had only gastritis and high gastric pH. Conversely, several duodenal ulcer patients had low-risk IL-1ß and low gastric pH. Gastric carcinogenesis is a complex and multifactorial cascade of events in which additional factors probably play a crucial role.
|
|
|