Nosocomial Infection update

AbstractNosocomial infections are infections that are acquired while the patient is in a hospital. It may appear while the patient is still in the hospital or after the affected patient is discharged from hospital. Nosocomial infections caused by bacteria, virus or fungi and also may be caused by normal microbial flora. Antibiotic resistant organisms has a great role in Nosocomial infections. It spreads through air-borne, water, food, contact and by inoculation. There are many types of Nosocomial infections as urinary tract infections, Nosocomial pneumonia, surgical site infection, Nosocomial blood stream infections, Nosocomial upper respiratory tract infections and others. Infections may be Exogenous in which the organism come from external source or Endogenous in which there is auto-infection, and also it may be preventable as we can prevent the infection by preventable strategies, or non preventable as we can not prevent the infection whatever we do. The infection may be colonized, subclinical or clinical infection. We can prevent and control Nosocomial infection by means of general measures , also by vaccinations , by means of disinfection and sterilization.