A micro-aerophilic organism, Helicobacter pylori, has been known to be a causative agent of type b gastritis and peptic ulcer disease and may play an important role in increasing the risk for the development of gastric cancer (Graham, 1997).Although an immunological response to H. pylori infection has been suggested as a major factor in promoting gastric mucosal damage, it is still not fully understood why H. pylori-infected individvals develop such diseases. However, eradication of H. pylori is effective in improving gastric mucosal inflammation and reducing the incidence of peptic ulcer recurrence. It also cures at least some cases of gastric low-grade B cell lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALToma) (Asaka and Dragosics, 2004).Adult immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is an acquired immune-mediated disorder due to anti-platelet auto-antibodies, which induce accelerated platelet clearance by the reticuloendothelial system, predominantly in the spleen, resulting in a low platelet count and mucocutaneous bleeding ( Rodeghiero, 2003). The estimated incidence is 100 cases per 1 million persons per year, and about half of these cases occur in children (Frederiksen , and Schmidt. 1999).The aim of the present study was to study the prevalence of H. pylori infection in thirty-seven cITP patients, and to explore the effect of H. pylori eradication for platelet recovery in those patients.The study comprised 37 patients with cITP who were divided According to the results of H. pylori detection by Ultra.