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Secondary Metabolites of Ponderosa Lemon (Citrus pyriformis) and their Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Activities
Faculty
Pharmacy
Year:
2011
Type of Publication:
Article
Pages:
385-393
Authors:
Hamdan, Dalia, El-Shazly, Assem, Wink, Michael, El-Readi, Mahmoud Zaki, Tahrani, Ahmad, Herrmann, Florian, Kaufmann, Dorothea, Farrag, Nawal
Journal:
ZEITSCHRIFT FUR NATURFORSCHUNG SECTION C-A JOURNAL OF BIOSCIENCES VERLAG Z NATURFORSCH
Volume:
66
Research Area:
Biochemistry \& Molecular Biology; Pharmacology \& Pharmacy
ISSN
ISI:000295498600010
Keywords :
Limonoids, Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory Properties
Abstract:
Column chromatography of the dichloromethane fraction from an aqueous methanolic extract of fruit peel of Citrus pyriformis Hassk. (Rutaceae) resulted in the isolation of seven compounds including one coumarin (citropten), two limonoids (limonin and deacetylnomilin), and four sterols (stigmasterol, ergosterol, sitosteryl-3-beta-D-glucoside, and sitosteryl-6'-O-acyl-3-beta-D-glucoside). From the ethyl acetate fraction naringin, hesperidin, and neohesperidin were isolated. The dichloromethane extract of the defatted seeds contained three additional compounds, nomilin, ichangin, and cholesterol. The isolated compounds were identified by MS (EI, CI, and ESI), H-1, C-13, and 2D-NM R spectral data. The limonoids were determined qualitatively by LC-ESI/MS resulting in the identification of 11 limonoid aglycones. The total methanolic extract of the peel and the petroleum ether, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate fractions were screened for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The ethyl acetate fraction exhibited a significant scavenging activity for DPPH free radicals (IC50 = 132.3 mu g/mL). The petroleum ether fraction inhibited 5-lipoxygenase with IC50 = 30.6 mu g/mL indicating potential anti-inflammatory properties. Limonin has a potent cytotoxic effect against COS7 cells {[}IC50 = (35.0 +/- 6.1) mu m] compared with acteoside as a positive control {[}IC50 = (144.5 +/- 10.96) mu m].
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