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Alarming Trend of Antibiotic Resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates
Faculty
Pharmacy
Year:
2011
Type of Publication:
Article
Pages:
511-516
Authors:
El Zowalaty, Mohamed E
Journal:
JOURNAL OF PURE AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY DR M N KHAN
Volume:
5
Research Area:
Biotechnology \& Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
ISSN
ISI:000297388000003
Keywords :
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Multidrug resistance, beta-lactamases, Efflux pumps
Abstract:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a concerning opportunistic pathogen frequently causing nosocomial and life-threatening infections. The present study was thus conducted to determine the prevalence of antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Egypt. From 250 clinical specimens, 86 isolates of P. aeruginosa (34.4\%) were isolated to assess the level of antimicrobial susceptibility and to determine the possible existing resistance mechanisms to commonly used antibiotics. It was found that piperacillin, meropenem, amikacin and polymyxin B were the most effective antibiotics against P. aeruginosa followed by imipenem, ticarcillin, ciprofloxacin, ceftazidime, cefipime, gentamicin and norfloxacin. P. aeruginosa isolates were highly resistant to all other antibiotics tested. Mechanisms of resistance used by P. aeruginosa included beta-lactamase production and multiple drug resistance efflux pumps. The present results showed that 42 (48.8\%) of the clinical P. aeruginosa isolates were beta-lactamase producers. In addition, efflux pump was identified in 34 (39.5\%) of P. aeruginosa isolates that effectively utilized an efflux-mediated mechanism of resistance against cefotaxime, ticarcillin, azetreonam, meropenem and norfloxacin but not to streptomycin. In conclusion, antibiotic resistance in clinical isolates of P aeruginosa could be attributed to beta-lactamase production and the use of multiple drug resistance efflux pumps.
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