Abnormal bleeding under anaesthesia

Abnormal bleeding under anaesthesia is due to either haemorrhagic blood diseases or non-anaesthetic causes,both of each was worsed by anaesthetic causes. Haemorrhagic blood diseases:Due to defects in haemostasis, which consists of two phases, primary and secondarY, Disorders of the primary phase may be due to defects in the blood vessels or defects in platelets. Vascular disorders are classified into primary or secondary non-thrombocytopenic purpuras. Platelet defects are due to either qualitative dis- orders (thromboasthenia) or quantitative platelet dis- orders (thrombocytopenia). Disorders of the secondary phase (blood coagulationmay be congenital or acquired. Non-anaesthettc causes: SUch as: Venous congestion secondary to, posture, heart disease,and lung disease.