| Abstract: |
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex heterogenous metabolic disorder, in which peripheral insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion are the main pathogenic factors. There are many microvascular and macrovascular complications that resulted from diabetes and these complications can significantly reduced and retarted by intensive control of blood glucose. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of pioglitazone (insulin sensitzer) and nateglinide (insulin secretagogus drugs) in comparison with gliben clamide on some cardiovascular parameter in type 2 diabetic model.Induction of type 2 diabetes is carried out by intraperitoneal injection (IPI) of nicotinamide followed by streptozotocin.After induction of type 2 diabetes the animal were classified into 5 groups, control normal group, control diabetic group (diabetic non treated) pioglitazone treated, nateglinide treated and glibenclamide treated groups. Antidiabetic drugs administrated for 6 weeks. Blood glucose, lipid profile, blood pressure, vascular reactivity and histopathological changes were measured. The results showed that pioglitazone treatment significantly reduced blood glucose especially fasting, triglyceride, LDL cholesterol, blood pressure, blood vessel wall thickness. However it increased HDL.Nateglinide treatment causes decrease in blood glucose especially post prandial, blood pressure blood vessel wall thickness but no change in lipid profile. The effect of nateglinide on the above mentioned parameters is less than effect of pioglitazone.While gliben clamide treatment cause only decrease in blood glucose level especially postprandial but no significant difference between glibenclamide group and diabetic non-treated group in lipid profile, blood pressure, vascular reactivity, histopathological changes.Conclusion: Pioglitazone treatment improves cardiovascular heamodynamic parameter such as lipid profile blood pressure and decreases blood vessel wall thickness, also nateglinide which decrease post prandial blood glucose, blood pressure, blood vessel wall thickness but not affect lipid profile. On the other hand glibenclamide not affect these parameter.
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