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Summary and conclusionPneumonia is inflammation and consolidation of the lung , it is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality world wide , pneumonia remains a major reason foradmission to hospital and a common cause of death .In our study , 100 patients with pneumonia were assessed and classified according to the National ARI control guidelines .The aim of this study is to evaluate the role radiological features in diagnosis of pneumonia and to study the role of clinical feature in early diagnosis of pneumonia and to study the nutritional state and its role in prevention of infections especially pneumonia.All patients were subjected to :-- Full history taking …e.g. socioeconomic status , parental education , feeding practice.- Thorough clinical examination including:-* General examination e.g. cyanosis , pallor, rapid respiration , working ala nasi, respiratory rate , heart rate , temperature and nutritional status according to weight for age .* Chest examination … laying stress on signs of pneumonia.* Cardiac examination .* Abdominal examination .- All patient were subjected to plain chest X ray posteroanterior and lateralview.- Complete blood picture laying stress on haemoglobin concentration , WBC,C Reactive protein .Our results were :-A) Demographic data :-• male patients were 66%, female 34% .• Infant were 74% , children 26% .• low socioeconomic groups 80%.• illiterate mothers 57%.B) Clinical dataSymptomes ;-• fever was presnt in 74% .• dyspnea in 95% .• cough in 73% .• poor feeding in 56% .• convulsions in 6% .Signs :-• working ala nasi was present in 89% .• fast breathing in 100 % .• chest indrawing in 94% .• grunting in 26% .• stridor in 16% .• dullness on percussion in 35% .• bronchial breathing in 33% .• bronchophony in 65% .• crepitation in 97% .• rhonchi in 42% .Nutritional status :-• normal weight 46% .• under weight 45% .• marasmus 7% .• kwashiorkor 2% .Degree of pneumonia :-• 6% pneumonia .• 77% sever pneumonia .• 17% very sever pneumonia .c) Radiological data67% of our patients had radiological evidence of pneumonia , 50% had bronchopneumonia, 16% lobar pneumonia and 1% pyopneumothorax , while 33% no radiological features of pneumonia .d) Non specific laboratory data• 64% of our patients had total leucocytic count more than 11.00/ cm3.• 53% had positive C reactive protein .e) Feeding pattern of children• only 6% mothers practice breast feeding .• 19 % predominant breast feeding .• 35% mixed feeding .• 24% of mothers had stopped breast feeding .• 16% never breast fed .We can conclude that .,(1) The simple clinical features as fast breathing , chest indrawing and other conventional methods of diagnosis are important in diagnosis of pneumonia even in absence of radiological change in X ray , because these clinical features of pneumonia is sensitive but radiological features may take long time to be developed , so if we depend only on radiological features , this may lead to more morbidity and mortality .(2) There is a link between malnutrition and infections especially pneumonia because malnourished child has low immunity , so correction of malnutrition is one of the methods to decrease morbidity and mortality of pneumonia .(3) Breast feeding is important for prevention of acute respiratory infections especially pneumonia , so we must promote breast feeding as a method to prevent pneumonia .
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