| Abstract: |
may complicate up to 0.5% of procedures. More than 50% of deaths associated with endoscopy are related to cardiopulmonary events. Adverse effects of benzodiazepines,other than respiratory depression, include anxiety and occasional injection-site reaction;the latter are more frequent with diazepam than with midazolam. Other adverse effects of narcotics include nausea,vomiting,and hypotension. Naloxone and flumazenil readily reverse the adverse effects of narcotics and benzodiazepines,respectively,within minutes. The proper technique and sequence of administration of these drugs,together with continuous monitoring of the sedated patient,can help minimize complications (Young and Keeffe,1998).Virtual colonoscopyOf patients with colorectal cancer,2-9% have a second synchronous tumor and 27-53% have concomitant multiple adenomatous polyps. For this reason,a complete examination should be performed during colonoscopy. This entails full inspection from the rectum through the cecum,although this is not always possible. For example,stenosing tumors,acute diverticulitis,adhesions from previous pelvic surgery, postradiation stenosis,or strictures due to Crohn`s disease or ulcerative colitis can obstruct the lumen of the intestine and make it difficult for the endoscopist to reach the cecum. In some cases,a double-contrast barium enema is necessary to complete an examinatio
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