SUMMARYObesity is the most conmen disorder of metabolism in humans , it is the oldest metabolic disturbances. Obesity can be defined as an increase in the body weight more than 20% above the ideal body weight (Foster , 1992). The identification of obesity and ovHypertension is considered now one of the most important worldwide disease, as it leads to multiple morbidities and mortalities, it is a multifactorial disease, both genetic and environmental factors play an important role in its development during the chThis work was designed to detect the prevalence of obesity among primary school children and to detect factors leading to obesity and predispose to occurrence of hypertension.Two tools were used in this study :1. An interview questionnaire sheet was used to collect biosocial, sociodemographic data, eating habits and family medical history.2. Clinical assessment sheet was used to measure the student’s weight, height and blood pressure measurements.In order to achieve the goals of this study, 200 school children from elementary school in Zagazig City were screened for obesity during the period from 4 / 2005 to 6 / 2005 .They were 105 females (52.5%) and 95 males (47.5%), their age ranged from 6-12 y• Weight and height measurements were done for all children to identify the degree of obesity according to Garrow, (1980) as the following equation :BMI = Weight / (Height)² in meters .• Blood pressure measurement for three consecutive days, the mean B.P. was calculated by the following equation:?xــــــn- The prevalence of obesity was found to be 18.6%. The prevalence among females and males were (10.4%, 8.2% respectively).- The prevalence of hypertension was of that systolic hypertension (30.5%), diastolic hypertension (24.5%) and combined hypertension was (6.0%).- Around 70% of the sample were middle and last borne child and 64.5% of them had a moderate level of scholastic achievement.- As regard the parent’s age (40%) of the children fathers were > 40 years old while in relation to mother’s age 42% of them aged 35-40 years old.- Regarding the parent’s educational level, 26.5% of the sample’s fathers were attended secondary education and only 15.5% of them were illiterate or read and write. In relation to mother’s education, 27.5% were illiterate or read and write while 17% of t- The majority of the sample’s fathers 93% were workers and 73% of the sample’s mothers were non-workers (housewives).- Consanguinity among the obese children parent’s was 25.5%.- Considering the family income, 76.5% of the sample families had a sufficient income while only 8% of them can able to save.- Concerning the social level, 45.5% of the sample families were low social class while 27% and 27.5% of them were from the middle and high social class. Also 78% of the sample had T.V. and radio devices.- Regarding the medical history, for the sample father’s 36.5% of them were obese while 38% suffered from hypertension and for the sample mother’s, 69% were obese while 24% of them were suffered from hypertension.- As regard the intake and regularity of meals, 72% of the sample had a regular meal time, 66% of them had a breakfast before going to school. Also 69.5% of the sample drunk milk daily.- Regarding the food quality, 96.5% of the sample were eating excess bread and starches while 92% of the sample preferred vegetables and fruits. On the other hand , 97.5% of the sample preferred excess salts and spices.- In relation to snacks and soft drinks, 72.5% of the sample had additional meals and snacks during the day. 89.5% of them drunk excess soft drinks. More than half of the studied sample (65%) were preferred to have their meals with their families. The maj- More than one quarter of the sample (27.5%) practiced exercises. Only 2% of them preferred walking while, 18.5% of the sample suffered from rapid breathing after practicing sports.- A statistically significant differences were found between the child’s sex, scholastic achievement (P= 0.002, P=0.000) respectively.- Concerning the relationship between sociodemographic and body mass index (BMI), there were statistically significant differences in consanguinity (P=0.05) and social level (P=0.05).- There were statistically significant differences between BMI and the sample’s mothers and fathers educational level (P= 0.01, P=0.03) respectively.- Regarding the relationship between BMI and the sample’s eating habits, there were statistically significant differences in eating excess bread and starches, proper cooking method, and drinking soft drinks (P=0.03, P=0.05) respectively.- There were statistically significant difference between BMI and physical exercises, at the types of sports and manifestations after exercises (P= 0.017, P=0.004) respectively.- Concerning the relationship between systolic hypertension and biosocial characteristics of the sample, there were statistically significant differences in school degree (P=0.000), birth order (P=0.03), and age (P=0.05). On the other hand, there was no s- Statistically significant differences were found between diastolic hypertension and biosocial characteristics in age (P=0.05), school degree (P=0.000) and scholastic achievement (P=0.001). With contrary there was no statistically significant difference - The medical history of the sample parent’s and the systolic, diastolic hypertension was statistically significant difference only in the relation between diastolic hypertension and the mother’s medical history (P=0.01).- There were statistically significant differences between body mass index (BMI), systolic hypertension (P=0.04) and diastolic hypertension (P=0.006). On the other hand the relationship between (BMI)and combined hypertension was statistically insignifican