Elastic modelling in foundation problem

The behaviour of open lining tunnels, which are usuallylocated at the inlets and outlets of tunnels, when sUbjectedto traffic loads and also cases of shallow closed tunnels isexamined in this thesis for a wide range of variables such asthe tunnel geometry, the soil type, the considered breadth ofsoil and casesof loading.The tunnel-soil interaction problem is one of thecomplicated interactive problems, In order to predict arealistic tunnel performance, the tunnel properties, as wellas, the ~urrounding soil medium properties are to beconsidered.Finite element and photoelasticity are the most powerfulanalytical and experimental methods which give more realisticresults.These methods are used to investigate the effects of theabove factors on the deformations and stress distributions inthe surrounding soil and the internal forces in the liningtunnels.A computer program based on the f ini te element technique