Expert System For Power System Management

Faculty Engineering Year: 2001
Type of Publication: Theses Pages: 232
Authors:
BibID 10649644
Keywords : Electrical Engineering    
Abstract:
Electric supply is essential for any economic growth. The electricdemand growth requires the increase of the installed capacity to meet theconsumption. Another alternative is the better use of installed capacity.Demand Side Management CDSM) has been increasingly adopted byutilities as a substitute for huge investments and as a method foroptimization of resources use. DSM is the planning, implementation andevaluation of .rility activities that are designed to encourage consumers tomodify their electricity consumption patterns with respect to both the leveldemand and energy.The presented work introduces a demand side management systemusing the expert system technique. The system is not case oriented. It iscomposed of a main module which, based upon set of rules, and selects oneof many possible solutions to perform DSM. The system has been testedusing data from industrial and residential applications. It uses practicalexperience gained during implementation of energy conservation systems.The system also offers user flexibility together with performanceexpectation. It allows the addition of extra rules upon user needs.The system performs DSM according to one of the followingstrategies:Peak clipping.Energy conservation:Building automationEfficiency equipment.Valley filling.2- The highest values of compression and tension stresses are generated in the water tank body during the earthquake shaking. For water tanks resting on stiffer soils like very stiff clay or on very dense sand, the tension and compression stresses are the highest of all soil types, with approximately equal values in both stiff soil types.3- The rigidity of the reinforced concrete ground tank footing depends mainly on the concrete thickness of that footing. Under static loading condition, the footing rigidity is achieved when its thickness is approximately equal to L/7 of the tank width. It is also noted that the thickness achieving footing rigidity under static loading achieves also the rigidity under dynamic loading.4- Soil permeability is the key element on the amount of pore water pressure generated during an earthquake, it also controls the rate of dissipation of that pressure. For soils having low permeability, high pore water pressures are generated during the earthquake event, with longer dissipation times afterwards. In case of high permeability soils, low pore water pressures are generated during the dynamic action, with less time consumed in the pore water pressure dissipation process.5- The reinforced concrete tank footing settlement depends mainly on the soil type over which the tank is resting. Under static loads, the settlement magnitude in clay soil is higher than that in sand soil. The induced settlement during the earthquake is nearly about 20% of that settlement occurred under static loads. Settlements due to the dynamic action immediately lessen when the earthquake motion diminishes.6- During the earthquake event sand soil beside the reinforced concrete ground tank may move upward causing ground heave, especially in denser soils. This behavior should be taken into consideration when designing such tanks resting on sandy soils.7- The water surface motion inside the tank depends mainly on the type of the soil underneath that tank. For tanks located on sand soils, the water surface motion is less than the motion of water surface inside tanks located on clay soils. 
   
     
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