Control Of nuclear Power Plants

The object of the present thesis was stated to be the study of a mathematical model of a pressurized water reactor nuclear power plant in order to investigate the dynamic performance of the nuclear plant under optimal control. The analysis of this problem was carried out by two methods namely; the pole placement technique and the quadratic form as the weighting function for optimal control. The related control vectdrs were defined. The study of the optimal control of the N.P.P. was carried out with and without consideration of the feedback temperature effects under two modes of operation namely; Constant Steam Pressure and Constant Average Core Coolant Temperature. The controllability and stability ofthe simulated N.P.P. are considered in the analysis of the problem. The dynamic performances of the N.P.P. under different perturbations and for specific scenarios are displayed by the curves given in chaprer 4.• System response without feedback.• System response with feedback by pole placement technique.• System response with feedback by optimal control.These displays for some selected parameters are depicted on the curves of figures 4.55.4.58,4.59, etc.from the content of the simulation problem in this thesis and from the result obtall1ed, the following conclusion can be drown.1- The heat tran~fer system model of nonlinear dynamic differential equations for the coupled subsystem reactor model can be solved for a set of initiating events. Theinitiating events gIve the behavior of the PWR nuclear power station during transients.2- Agreement between conventional response and its companson with optimal control design response and pole placement technique response for different input responses of ”reactor power, secondary loop feed water temperature, secondary loop feed water flow rate and steam output to the turbine”.3- In case of abnormal transients, the optimal control design has a good response compared with other responses as applying different inputs of perturbations.a- For introducing’ a reasonable approximation, an analytic study of the stabi lity of a pressurized water reactor control system is possible even though the system is very complex.b- Though the results of such a method cannot be considered precise, they give very useful information of how the system behaves, what elements have the greater influence on stability, and in what direction we must move to improve the control . system.5.2 Future Development and RecommendationThis work is considered as a basic stage to develop a complete solution for the nuclear reactor control system. It is necessary to determine the level of performance of an optimal control system design and the selection of the closed loop poles for pole placement design. The domain experts and skilled operators make knowledge acquisition to find an optimal control function which minimize the given performance index subject to the given state differential equation that described the system model.Classical control theory has been well developed and provides an effective tool for mathematical system analysis and design when a precise model of it system isavaiiable. But modern control theory based on optimal control system design of a process is needed when a high accuracy and reliability are required.