| Abstract: |
Efficiency of Canal Lining is directly related to the percentage ofseepage reduction and durability of canal lining materials. In newcultivated areas, the soil is often classified as loose sandy soil, sandyloam, fine to medium sand ,and silt loam which have high percentageof seepage losses and very steep land surface. Therefore canal lining istoo necessary to reduce seepage Losses and to prevent the erosion incanals bed that have steep slopes. In practice, most lined canals have alot of cracks, damaged parts and poorly sealed joints. Therefore theseepage rate increases and these lined canals may be act as earthencanals., The main objective of the present study was to determine andstudy the factors that affect the efficiency of irrigation canals lining ina new cultivated area. Four canals in Sharq EL-Bohirate regionIsmailia Govemorate Egypt, were chosen. These canals included arecent plain concrete lined canal called EL-Sheik Zayed canal, an oldplain concrete lined canal called EL- Tawasaa canal , stones withcement mortar lined canal called EL- AKaria canal and unlined canalcalled Meet Abu ELKom canal. The pond method and STEVENSTYPE (F) WATER LEVEL RECorder instrument was used tomeasure the seepage rate L / m2/day at different water levels.It wasfound that the measured values of the seepage rate in (L / m2 / day)ranges between(18.9l1 to 62.365) for EL-Sheik Zayed canal, (37.32to 103.756) for EL-Tawasaa canal, (60.237 to 94.078) for EL- AKariacanal ,and (99.973 to 234.611) for Meet Abu ELKom canal. Theresults of the study pointed that the seepage rate for EL- Tawasaacanal were very significant and exceeded the allowable values due tothe high percentage of cracks, damaged parts, surface erosion, andpoorly sealed joints. Statistical models wer developed based onmultiple regression analysis to predict the seepage rate with respect tothe relative depth. In comparison with the average values of seepagerate for unlined canal (Meet Abu EL-Kom canal) at various values of(ylb) ratio, it is found that the average percentage value of seepagerate reduction for the EL-Sheik Zayed canal was 67%, 62% forEL-Tawass canal, and 54% for EL- Akaria canal.
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