| Abstract: |
Different types of specimens were collected (Pus, Urine, Ear and Eye swabs).In the present study urine specimens showed the highest percentage (55.2 %) of methicillin resistant Staph. aureus followed by pus (34.5 %), eye swabs (6.9 %) and ear swabs (3.4 %Suspected Staph. aureus colonies were selected on the basis of cultural characteristics. Gram stain and biochemical tests (catalase test and tube-coaoulase test) were used.Antibiotic susceptibility test was done for all specimens by antibiotics disc diffusion method using Mueller Hinton agar plates.To discriminate MRSA from MSSA, phenotypic techniques were done by testing the sensitivity of Staph. aureus to methicillin.Our results showed 29 MRSA and 5 MSSA isolates. There was no statistically significant difference between MRSA and MSSA regarding type of specimens, age and sex.Detection of PVL gene by PCR was done for all samples reporting 58.8% of all Staph. aureus isolates carried PVL gene, 65.5% of methicillin-resistant Staph. aureus (MRSA), and 20.0% of methicillin-sensitive Staph. aureus (MSSA) carried the PVL genes. ThereIn our study, 60.0% of the PVL genes positive were obtained from urine specimens, 35.0% from pus, 5.0% from ear, and nothing from eye. There was no significant relation between the gender, age and the acquisition of the PVL gene. As the percent of the PVLThere was no statistically significant relation between types of specimens, age , sex and acquisition of PVL geneThe produced soluble proteins by positive PVL gene isolates were precipitated and determined by modified lowery method.Leukocidin activity on macrophages was determined using simple assay procedure based on the method of Jensen and Maalse (1950) and our result showed that isolate No ”3” Proved to be the highest one in this respect.By testing isolate (No.3) we found that Tryptone soya broth medium proved to be the most favourable medium for soluble protein production (including leukocidin) reaching 327.3 µg/0.1ml, and for leukocidin activity giving the highest absorbance (low dye clOn the same, the optimum temperature for soluble protein production and leukocidin activity by the selected Staph. aureus (isolate No.3) was 37 oC at which the soluble protein reached 253.26 µg per 0.1ml. The soluble protein concentration reached their maOut of the 16 essential oils tested, lemon grass oil proved to be the best one against the selected Staph. aureus isolate. We concluded that the daily oral administration of these natural products alone or combined may be highly effective in preventing anThe effect of the tested essential oils as antibacterial agents by diffusion method showed that grass of lemon, basil, eucalyptus, cloves, cinnamon, pepper mint and sage oils proved to be effective against Staph. aureus, but marjoram, anise and fennel oilOn the other hand, all the concentrations of chlorox (an aqueous solution of 5.0% sodium hypochlorite), savlon (3%cetrimide and 0.3% chlorohexidine gluconate) and chloroxylenols (dettol) were effective against the selected Staph. aureus isolate. All the c
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